{"id":31894,"date":"2016-04-12T17:56:21","date_gmt":"2016-04-12T17:56:21","guid":{"rendered":"\/fr\/?p=31894"},"modified":"2016-04-12T17:56:21","modified_gmt":"2016-04-12T17:56:21","slug":"escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/","title":{"rendered":"Escale d\u2019un m\u00e9ganavire \u00e0 LA : meilleure relation entre l\u2019ILWU et la PMA"},"content":{"rendered":"

Au cours de 2014, l\u2019International Longshore and Warehouse Union (ILWU) et la Pacific Maritime Association (PMA) en sont venues aux paroles ac\u00e9r\u00e9es lorsque la n\u00e9gociation de leur convention est arriv\u00e9e \u00e0 une impasse. \u00c0 la fin de 2015 et au d\u00e9but de 2016, les deux organisations ont d\u00fb travailler ensemble pour que le plus gros navire n\u2019ayant jamais amarr\u00e9 dans un port nord-am\u00e9ricain puisse faire escale en Californie du Sud.<\/p>\n

Le conflit 2014-2015 entre l\u2019ILWU et la PMA a \u00e9branl\u00e9 la c\u00f4te du Pacifique. Toutefois, l\u2019escale du Benjamin-Franklin de CMA CGM \u00e0 Los Angeles signale la r\u00e9conciliation<\/a> des deux organisations apr\u00e8s qu\u2019elles ont sign\u00e9 leur convention en 2015, selon le Journal of Commerce<\/em> (JOC). Ces n\u00e9gociations houleuses ont amen\u00e9 son lot de files d\u2019attente interminables de camions et de navires \u00e0 l\u2019ext\u00e9rieur des ports du Pacifique. Cette congestion a tellement perturb\u00e9 les activit\u00e9s des ports de la c\u00f4te ouest que de nombreux transporteurs se sont tourn\u00e9s vers la c\u00f4te est.<\/p>\n

Les m\u00e9ganavires accostent r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement en Californie du Sud<\/strong>
\nLa congestion s\u2019est certes poursuivie pendant un certain temps apr\u00e8s la signature de la convention, mais la situation s\u2019est depuis am\u00e9lior\u00e9e. Apr\u00e8s des n\u00e9gociations prolong\u00e9es, les deux parties, ainsi que les ports du Pacifique, tentent maintenant de ramener les navires sur la c\u00f4te ouest. L\u2019arriv\u00e9e du Benjamin-Franklin \u00e0 Los Angeles devrait donner un coup de pouce. Le m\u00e9ganavire a fait deux escale aux terminaux de Los Angeles-Long Beach, et CMA CGM commencera \u00e0 faire des escales chaque semaine dans le plus grand complexe portuaire du pays.<\/p>\n

La capacit\u00e9 du Benjamin-Franklin est de 18\u00a0000\u00a0\u00e9quivalents vingt\u00a0pieds (EVP), note le JOC. Les six navires qui feront escale toutes les semaines ont la m\u00eame capacit\u00e9. Ces navires deviennent de plus en plus populaires. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 eux, les transporteurs peuvent acheminer des cargaisons plus importantes en un seul voyage. Or, des ports un peu partout dans le monde ont d\u00fb s\u2019adapter. En effet, ils doivent prendre de l\u2019expansion afin de permettre le passage de ces m\u00e9ganavires, notamment le canal de Panama. Il s’agit de r\u00e9duire les co\u00fbts en r\u00e9alisant des \u00e9conomies d\u2019\u00e9chelle.<\/p>\n

Les immenses navires de charge ont gagn\u00e9 en popularit\u00e9 pour un transport efficace des marchandises.<\/p>\n

Les m\u00e9ganavires sont plus efficaces\u00a0<\/strong>
\nCes m\u00e9ganavires accostent aux ports<\/a> de l\u2019Europe et de l\u2019Asie depuis quelques ann\u00e9es maintenant, selon le Los Angeles Times. Toutefois, ils peuvent imposer un lourd fardeau \u00e0 la cha\u00eene d\u2019approvisionnement qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 con\u00e7ue pour accueillir des navires plus petits.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Tout a \u00e9t\u00e9 b\u00e2ti en fonction du statu quo et aujourd\u2019hui on doit mettre la barre plus haute\u00a0\u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Jim Blaeser, analyste du transport maritime chez AlixPartner (soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u2019experts-conseils mondiale), au Los Angeles Times.<\/p>\n

Les routes de commerce du Pacifique ont largement \u00e9t\u00e9 emprunt\u00e9es, mais les ports nord-am\u00e9ricains n\u2019avaient pas encore fait affaire avec ces m\u00e9ganavires. Los Angeles est un port suffisamment grand pour accueillir le fret de navires comme celui du Benjamin-Franklin, selon l\u2019organe de presse. C\u2019est tr\u00e8s important; dans cette course \u00e0 la construction de plus gros navires \u00e0 plus fort tonnage et \u00e0 plus faible consommation de carburant, l\u2019industrie du transport a \u00e9t\u00e9 inond\u00e9e. Toutefois, un port aussi grand que celui de Los Angeles utilisera \u00e0 bon escient les exc\u00e9dents de capacit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Des relations plus cordiales entre l\u2019ILWU et la PMA permettent l\u2019arriv\u00e9e de m\u00e9ganavires\u00a0<\/strong>
\nLe processus de r\u00e9conciliation en Californie du Sud explique en partie l\u2019arriv\u00e9e de ces m\u00e9ganavires qui feront bient\u00f4t r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement escale aux terminaux de Los Angeles-Long Beach. L\u2019ILWU et la PMA ont commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 soigner leur relation en travaillant ensemble \u00e0 l\u2019optimisation de la cha\u00eene d\u2019approvisionnement en avril 2015, selon JOC. Les responsables des ports se sont r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement rencontr\u00e9s pour trouver des moyens d\u2019am\u00e9liorer l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 du transport maritime.<\/p>\n

Depuis, les participants ont accru la vitesse des navires aux terminaux de Los Angeles-Long Beach, afin que les ports se remettent de la congestion qui les a plomb\u00e9s durant les n\u00e9gociations entre l\u2019ILWU et la PMA. Les repr\u00e9sentants se sont attaqu\u00e9s au manque de ch\u00e2ssis, aux probl\u00e8mes de production aux terminaux maritimes et aux longues files de camions aux portes des terminaux. Une plus grande fluidit\u00e9 des navires est essentielle \u00e0 la capacit\u00e9 des ports d\u2019accueillir les m\u00e9ganavires comme le Benjamin-Franklin. Paul Trani, pr\u00e9sident de la section locale 63 de ILWU, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 qu\u2019ils ont besoin plus d\u2019espace aux installations pour la manutention des marchandises de ces m\u00e9ganavires.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Le probl\u00e8me est que nous n\u2019avons pas tant d\u2019espace ici. Nous devons sortir le cargo sans le laisser tra\u00eener aux terminaux\u00a0\u00bb, a-t-il expliqu\u00e9 au JOC.<\/p>\n

\u00c0 ce jour, il semble que les ports de Los Angeles et de Long Beach ont suffisamment r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 r\u00e9duire la congestion pour accueillir chaque semaine ces m\u00e9ganavires.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Au cours de 2014, l\u2019International Longshore and Warehouse Union (ILWU) et la Pacific Maritime Association (PMA) en sont venues aux paroles ac\u00e9r\u00e9es lorsque la n\u00e9gociation de leur convention est arriv\u00e9e \u00e0 une impasse. \u00c0 la fin de 2015 et au d\u00e9but de 2016, les deux organisations ont d\u00fb travailler ensemble pour que le plus gros… Read more »<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":36,"featured_media":31806,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[173],"class_list":["post-31894","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nouvelles-du-fret-et-du-transport"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEscale d\u2019un m\u00e9ganavire \u00e0 LA : meilleure relation entre l\u2019ILWU et la PMA - Livingston International<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Escale d\u2019un m\u00e9ganavire \u00e0 LA : meilleure relation entre l\u2019ILWU et la PMA - Livingston International\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Au cours de 2014, l\u2019International Longshore and Warehouse Union (ILWU) et la Pacific Maritime Association (PMA) en sont venues aux paroles ac\u00e9r\u00e9es lorsque la n\u00e9gociation de leur convention est arriv\u00e9e \u00e0 une impasse. \u00c0 la fin de 2015 et au d\u00e9but de 2016, les deux organisations ont d\u00fb travailler ensemble pour que le plus gros... Read more »\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Livingston International\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/livingstoninternational\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-04-12T17:56:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/lii-mkt-content.s3.amazonaws.com\/livingston-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/25230252\/as-2014-dragged-on-the-international-longshore-and-warehouse-union-ilwu-_1733_40119513_0_14070700_500.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"334\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dan Ovsey\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dan Ovsey\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Dan Ovsey\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/41a41f5d824482db93829b4697ca9f37\"},\"headline\":\"Escale d\u2019un m\u00e9ganavire \u00e0 LA : meilleure relation entre l\u2019ILWU et la PMA\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-04-12T17:56:21+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/\"},\"wordCount\":875,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/lii-mkt-content.s3.amazonaws.com\/livingston-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/25230252\/as-2014-dragged-on-the-international-longshore-and-warehouse-union-ilwu-_1733_40119513_0_14070700_500.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Nouvelles du fret et du transport\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/\",\"name\":\"Escale d\u2019un m\u00e9ganavire \u00e0 LA : meilleure relation entre l\u2019ILWU et la PMA - Livingston International\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/lii-mkt-content.s3.amazonaws.com\/livingston-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/25230252\/as-2014-dragged-on-the-international-longshore-and-warehouse-union-ilwu-_1733_40119513_0_14070700_500.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-04-12T17:56:21+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/41a41f5d824482db93829b4697ca9f37\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/lii-mkt-content.s3.amazonaws.com\/livingston-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/25230252\/as-2014-dragged-on-the-international-longshore-and-warehouse-union-ilwu-_1733_40119513_0_14070700_500.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/lii-mkt-content.s3.amazonaws.com\/livingston-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/25230252\/as-2014-dragged-on-the-international-longshore-and-warehouse-union-ilwu-_1733_40119513_0_14070700_500.jpg\",\"width\":500,\"height\":334,\"caption\":\"As 2014 dragged on the International Longshore and Warehouse Union (ILWU) and the Pacific Maritime Association (PMA) began tossing verbal barbs at each other as their contract negotiations reached an impasse. In late 2015 and early 2016, the two organizations' collaboration was key to bringing the largest ship to ever call on a North American port to Southern California.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Accueil\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Escale d\u2019un m\u00e9ganavire \u00e0 LA : meilleure relation entre l\u2019ILWU et la PMA\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/\",\"name\":\"Livingston International\",\"description\":\"Simplify Trade\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/41a41f5d824482db93829b4697ca9f37\",\"name\":\"Dan Ovsey\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7d812bb5d2ce09a8dbfe560c16be7b5260f689323f5b82727809faa3e53644ed?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7d812bb5d2ce09a8dbfe560c16be7b5260f689323f5b82727809faa3e53644ed?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Dan Ovsey\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/author\/dan-ovsey\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Escale d\u2019un m\u00e9ganavire \u00e0 LA : meilleure relation entre l\u2019ILWU et la PMA - Livingston International","robots":{"index":"noindex","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Escale d\u2019un m\u00e9ganavire \u00e0 LA : meilleure relation entre l\u2019ILWU et la PMA - Livingston International","og_description":"Au cours de 2014, l\u2019International Longshore and Warehouse Union (ILWU) et la Pacific Maritime Association (PMA) en sont venues aux paroles ac\u00e9r\u00e9es lorsque la n\u00e9gociation de leur convention est arriv\u00e9e \u00e0 une impasse. \u00c0 la fin de 2015 et au d\u00e9but de 2016, les deux organisations ont d\u00fb travailler ensemble pour que le plus gros... Read more »","og_url":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/","og_site_name":"Livingston International","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/livingstoninternational","article_published_time":"2016-04-12T17:56:21+00:00","og_image":[{"width":500,"height":334,"url":"https:\/\/lii-mkt-content.s3.amazonaws.com\/livingston-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/25230252\/as-2014-dragged-on-the-international-longshore-and-warehouse-union-ilwu-_1733_40119513_0_14070700_500.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Dan Ovsey","twitter_misc":{"\u00c9crit par":"Dan Ovsey","Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/"},"author":{"name":"Dan Ovsey","@id":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/41a41f5d824482db93829b4697ca9f37"},"headline":"Escale d\u2019un m\u00e9ganavire \u00e0 LA : meilleure relation entre l\u2019ILWU et la PMA","datePublished":"2016-04-12T17:56:21+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/"},"wordCount":875,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/lii-mkt-content.s3.amazonaws.com\/livingston-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/25230252\/as-2014-dragged-on-the-international-longshore-and-warehouse-union-ilwu-_1733_40119513_0_14070700_500.jpg","articleSection":["Nouvelles du fret et du transport"],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/","url":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/","name":"Escale d\u2019un m\u00e9ganavire \u00e0 LA : meilleure relation entre l\u2019ILWU et la PMA - Livingston International","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/lii-mkt-content.s3.amazonaws.com\/livingston-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/25230252\/as-2014-dragged-on-the-international-longshore-and-warehouse-union-ilwu-_1733_40119513_0_14070700_500.jpg","datePublished":"2016-04-12T17:56:21+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/41a41f5d824482db93829b4697ca9f37"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/lii-mkt-content.s3.amazonaws.com\/livingston-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/25230252\/as-2014-dragged-on-the-international-longshore-and-warehouse-union-ilwu-_1733_40119513_0_14070700_500.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/lii-mkt-content.s3.amazonaws.com\/livingston-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/25230252\/as-2014-dragged-on-the-international-longshore-and-warehouse-union-ilwu-_1733_40119513_0_14070700_500.jpg","width":500,"height":334,"caption":"As 2014 dragged on the International Longshore and Warehouse Union (ILWU) and the Pacific Maritime Association (PMA) began tossing verbal barbs at each other as their contract negotiations reached an impasse. In late 2015 and early 2016, the two organizations' collaboration was key to bringing the largest ship to ever call on a North American port to Southern California."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/escale-dun-meganavire-a-la-meilleure-relation-entre-lilwu-et-la-pma\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Accueil","item":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Escale d\u2019un m\u00e9ganavire \u00e0 LA : meilleure relation entre l\u2019ILWU et la PMA"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/","name":"Livingston International","description":"Simplify Trade","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/41a41f5d824482db93829b4697ca9f37","name":"Dan Ovsey","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7d812bb5d2ce09a8dbfe560c16be7b5260f689323f5b82727809faa3e53644ed?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7d812bb5d2ce09a8dbfe560c16be7b5260f689323f5b82727809faa3e53644ed?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Dan Ovsey"},"url":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/author\/dan-ovsey\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31894","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/36"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31894"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31894\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31806"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31894"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/staging.livingstonintl.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31894"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}